Kei te piki haere te āhua o te pūtaiao e te whakataetae ā-ao, ngā painga whaiaro me ngā pakanga mō ngā painga hangarau me ngā rauemi. Kei te whakaiti tēnei i te kaha o te pūtaiao ki te mahi ki ngā hapori me te aro atu ki ngā wero o te ao whānui, me te whakanui ake i tōna whakatōrangapū me tōna ngohengohe ki ngā painga rautaki me ngā painga motuhake.
He patunga te pūtaiao nā ēnei whanaketanga, ā, he kaha anō hoki e kaha ake ai ngā pakanga me ngā taumahatanga. Ko te whakataetae o nāianei mō ngā hangarau matua (tae atu ki ngā whakataetae patu hōia) e whakaatu ana i te āhua takirua o te whakamahinga o te mātauranga pūtaiao. I roto i tēnei horopaki, ko te tūranga pono o te pūtaiao hei painga tūmatanui o te ao [1], he rauemi tiritahi e whai hua ana ki te katoa, ā, e wātea tonu ana ki te katoa, kei te mōrearea ki te memeha haere i te whakataetae rautaki me te wehewehenga ā-rohe.
I te mea kei te piki haere te hanga o ngā kaupapa rangahau me ngā putanga e te pokanoa tōrangapū me te whakaaro, kei te pōhēhē haere te whakamahinga o ngā taunakitanga pūtaiao i roto i te whakatakoto kaupapa here. Ko te tipu haere o te whakatōrangapū me te wehewehenga o ngā pūnaha pūtaiao kei te whakawhāiti haere i te mahi tahi me te tiritiri raraunga, ā, kei te piki haere te kore taurite o te urunga atu ki te mātauranga pūtaiao. I taua wā anō, ko te whakatairanga i ngā pānga whenua tōrangapū me ngā pānga whaiaro kei te whakatairanga i ngā ahurea o te noho motuhake o te pūtaiao, me te whakatere i te memeha o te kaha o ngā kairangahau ki te whakahaere rangahau noa, ā, i ētahi horopaki, me te whai kawenga.[2]
Kāore he pūnaha pūtaiao e ātete ana i ngā pēhanga, ā-roto, ā-waho rānei. Kāore ngā here mō te whakahaere me te tohatoha i te pūtaiao e herea noa ki ngā horopaki ngoikore, e pāngia ana e te pakanga, engari e kitea ana puta noa i ngā rohe katoa me ngā taumata katoa o te kaha pūtaiao. E whakaatu ana ngā whanaketanga hou kei te pāngia ngā pūnaha rangahau e te wawaotanga tōrangapū i mua i whakaarohia kua wehea mai i aua pēhanga. Ko ngā here e tipu haere ana mō te herekoretanga mātauranga puta noa i te ao, tae atu ki te ngoikore o te mana motuhake o te whare wānanga, e tohu ana i te riri whakarerekētanga ki te kaha o te pūtaiao ki te kōrero puta noa i ngā rohe me ngā rohe. Kua whakararuraru ngā pakanga roa i ngā hanganga rangahau ā-motu, ā, kei te whai wāhi ki te tukanga roa o te ngaronga o ngā taranata.[3] Ko te nekehanga o ngā kaipūtaiao me te ngaronga o ā rātou mahi tētahi o ngā riri nui rawa atu e pā ana ki tō tātou pūnaha rangahau ā-ao,[4] [5] [6] e piki haere ana puta noa i te Hauāuru. Ko te mimiti o ngā pūnaha rangahau ā-motu, nā ngā whakaekenga tika ki ngā whare wānanga me ngā kaimahi, he patu pakanga. I te heke mai, me hanga e tātou, hei hapori pūtaiao e hono ana ki te ao, he tikanga tiaki me te whakaora whai hua ake.[7]
Ko ngā wero nui rawa atu o tō tātou hapori, pērā i te huringa āhuarangi, te hekenga o te taiao, ngā tūmomo mōrearea hauora tūmatanui, te whakararuraru hangarau me te pakanga, ka whai hua mai i tētahi rautaki tiaki tahi. Ko ngā urupare ki ēnei wero o te ao ka whakawhirinaki ki te mātauranga pūtaiao motuhake, mārama, me te wātea o te ao me te māramatanga tahi. He mea nui te tirohanga aorangi mō te tiaki me te whakaoti rapanga ki tua atu i ngā rohe ā-motu me ngā rohe ā-rohe, nā te mea kāore e taea e ngā pūnaha pūtaiao pakaru, here rānei te whakatutuki i ēnei tono. Me mahi tahi ngā kaipūtaiao ki te mōhio, ki te tiaki me te tautoko i te tika o ngā tāngata katoa ki te whai wāhi me te whai hua mai i te pūtaiao.[8]
Mā tēnei tika ka whakaratohia he anga mātāpono me te mahi hei mārama me te aro atu ki ngā wero kua whakahuatia ake nei mā te whakaū i te mana whānui ki te uru atu me te takoha ki te mātauranga pūtaiao me ngā herenga e puritia ana e ngā whenua hei whakahohe i aua āhuatanga. Ka honoa te hinonga pūtaiao ki ngā whāinga o te pumau, te ōritetanga me te oranga i ngā taumata ā-motu me te ao. Mā te whakanui i te iti rawa o te whakaaro ko ngā hanganga pūtaiao (ā-iwi) me ngā kaimahi me tiaki hei whāinga tika, kaua hei whāinga tika, ka mōhio ia he mea nui te whakahokinga mai o te kaha pūtaiao i muri i ngā whakaekenga ki te oranga ā-motu, ā-rohe me te ao me te pumau ōhanga.
Me tere te mahi tahi hei tiaki i ngā tikanga e taea ai te whakamahi katoa i te tika ki te whai wāhi atu me te whai hua mai i te pūtaiao, ā, e taea ai hoki e te pūtaiao te mahi hei painga mō te marea o te ao. Ko te tikanga tēnei:
Kei roto i ēnei kaupapa matua te whakarite kia whakauruhia ngā taunakitanga pūtaiao ki roto i ngā whakataunga maha-taha [11]. I roto i tētahi ao whakawhirinaki tetahi ki tetahi, e whai pānga ana ngā whakataunga ki ngā rohe katoa, he mea nui te tiaki i te pūtaiao motuhake, kawenga, tuwhera, me te mahi tahi o te ao ki te whakamahi kawenga i te mana motuhake. Kaua te mātauranga pūtaiao e hiahiatia ana hei whakatairanga me te tiaki i ngā painga whānui o te ao e tukua ki raro i ngā painga ā-motu whaiti.
Ka tino whai hua te pūtaiao, tae atu ki te whakahaere i ngā whenua whānui o te ao, ina mahi tahi hei kaupapa mahi tahi, hei kaupapa tūturu hoki o te ao; ina whakaputa mātauranga, auahatanga, ā, ka āwhina ki te whakaoti rapanga o te ao.[12] I taua wā anō, me urutau te pūnaha pūtaiao o te ao ki ngā āhuatanga tūturu o te whakataetae ā-ao, me te kore e whakarērea ngā mātāpono o te tuwhera, te mahi tahi me te mana motuhake o te pūtaiao.
[1] Te Kaunihera Pūtaiao o te Ao (ISC). Pūtaiao hei Pai mo te Ao. 2021; me te Kaunihera Pūtaiao o te Ao (ISC). Ngā Tirohanga o Nāianei mō te Herekore me te Kawenga i roto i te Pūtaiao. 2021. https://council.science/our-work/freedom-and-responsibility-in-science/
[2] Te Kaunihera Pūtaiao o te Ao (ISC). Nga Tikanga o te Whakaaetanga me te Kawenga i roto i te Putaiao. 2022. https://council.science/freedom-and-responsibility-in-science/
[3] Te Kaunihera Pūtaiao o te Ao (ISC). Te Tautoko i ngā Kairangahau Pāretinia e Mōrearea ana, e Whakarerea ana hoki. 2024. https://council.science/news/supporting-at-risk-and-displaced-palestinian-scientists/
[4] Te Kaunihera Pūtaiao o te Ao (ISC). Te Ngaro o te Mātauranga Pūtaiao ki te Pakanga. Blog, 2021. https://www.bbc.com/storyworks/unlocking-science/the-scientific-knowledge-being-lost-to-conflict
[5] Te Kaunihera Pūtaiao o te Ao (ISC). Te Tautoko i ngā Kairangahau Pāretinia e Mōrearea ana, e Whakarerea ana hoki. 2024. https://council.science/news/supporting-at-risk-and-displaced-palestinian-scientists/
[6] Te Kaunihera Pūtaiao o te Ao (ISC). Tauākī mō Sudan. 2023. https://council.science/blog/statement-sudan/
[7] Te Kaunihera Pūtaiao o te Ao (ISC). Te Tiaki i te Pūtaiao i ngā Wā Pōuri: Me pēhea tā tātou whakamutu i te Tauhohe, kia Kaha ake ai te Mataara? 2023. https://council.science/publications/protecting-science-in-times-of-crisis/
[8] Te Kaunihera Pūtaiao o te Ao (ISC). Te Tika ki te Whai Wāhi me te Whai Hua mai i te Pūtaiao: He Whakamārama ISC. 2024. https://council.science/our-work/right-to-science/
[9] Te Kaunihera Pūtaiao o te Ao (ISC). Nga Tikanga o te Whakaaetanga me te Kawenga i roto i te Putaiao. 2022.
[10] Te Kaunihera Pūtaiao o te Ao (ISC). Te Tiaki i te Putaiao i nga wa o te raru. 2023; me te Kaunihera Pūtaiao o te Ao (ISC). Pūtaiao i te wa o te raru ngā rauemi kaupapa.
[11] Te Kaunihera Pūtaiao o te Ao (ISC). Pūtaiao hei Pai mo te Ao. 2021. https://council.science/publications/science-as-a-global-public-good/
Te Kaunihera Pūtaiao o te Ao (ISC). Ngā Tauākī mō te mahi tahi a te tini me ngā mōrearea o te ao.
[12] Te Kaunihera Pūtaiao o te Ao (ISC). Te Mahi Tahi Pūtaiao o te Ao: He Mea Nui, Engari he Whakaraerae. Tauākī, Pipiri 2025. https://council.science/statements/international-scientific-collaboration-vital-yet-vulnerable/
Pikitia na Pūtake Raraunga Rauemi on Unsplash.
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